SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>STAL Dovern</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">STAL Dovern</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

<th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%;">Dovern

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Type

</th>

<td><a href="Turbojet" title="Turbojet">Turbojet</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Manufacturer

</th>

<td><a href="Svenska_Turbinfabriks_AB_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenska Turbinfabriks AB Ljungström">Svenska Turbinfabriks AB Ljungström</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>First run

</th>

<td>1951

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th><span class="nowrap">Major applications</span>

</th>

<td><a href="Saab_35_Draken" title="Saab 35 Draken">Saab 35 Draken</a> (intended)

</td></tr>

</tbody></table>

<p>The <b>STAL Dovern</b> was a Swedish <a href="Turbojet" title="Turbojet">turbojet</a> design of the early 1950s, named after a lake in <a href="Finsp%C3%A5ng" title="Finspång">Finspång</a> municipality in <a href="%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland" title="Östergötland">Östergötland</a>, <a href="Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SMHI_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMHI-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intended to power the <a href="Saab_35_Draken" title="Saab 35 Draken">Saab 35 Draken</a>, this aircraft was powered by the <a href="Rolls-Royce_Avon" title="Rolls-Royce Avon">Rolls-Royce Avon</a> instead. The Dovern did not enter production.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_and_development">Design and development</h2></div>

<p>The <a href="Svenska_Turbinfabriks_AB_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenska Turbinfabriks AB Ljungström">STAL</a> company had been designing steam turbine engines and in the 1940s begun designing <a href="Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbine</a> engines. Their first running engine was the <i>Skuten</i>, ground tested in 1949 but not flown.<sup id="cite_ref-JAWA5556_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAWA5556-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dovern was the next design, featuring a nine-stage <a href="Axial_compressor" title="Axial compressor">axial compressor</a> and single-stage turbine. First run in 1951, the engine was flight tested during 1953 using an <a href="Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a> provided by <a href="Air_Service_Training" title="Air Service Training">Air Service Training</a>. The engine was installed underneath in a <a href="Nacelle" title="Nacelle">nacelle</a> <a href="Aircraft_fairing" title="Aircraft fairing">faired-in</a> to the Lancaster's bomb bay. After several thousand hours of ground running and more than 300 hours of flight testing the engine was not selected, the <a href="Rolls-Royce_Avon" title="Rolls-Royce Avon">Rolls-Royce Avon</a> being preferred.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a> (test bed only)</li>

<li><a href="Saab_35_Draken" title="Saab 35 Draken">Saab 35 Draken</a> (intended application)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2></div>

<dl><dt>Dovern</dt>

<dd>Base variant.</dd></dl>

<dl><dt>Dovern IIA</dt>

<dd>Basic engine without de-icing</dd></dl>

<dl><dt>Dovern IIB</dt>

<dd>Compressor <a href="Bleed_air" title="Bleed air">bleed air</a> system added for ice protection.</dd></dl>

<dl><dt>Dovern IIC</dt>

<dd><a href="Afterburning" class="mw-redirect" title="Afterburning">Afterburning</a> version producing 45 kN (10,200 lbf) thrust.</dd></dl>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(Dovern_IIB)">Specifications (Dovern IIB)</h2></div>

<p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0; padding: .2em"><i>Data from</i> <i>Flight.</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jane's 1955-56<sup id="cite_ref-JAWA5556_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAWA5556-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="General_characteristics">General characteristics</h4></div>

<ul><li>Type: <a href="Turbojet" title="Turbojet">Turbojet</a></li>

<li>Length: 3,850 mm (151.57 in)</li>

<li>Diameter: 1,095 mm (43.11 in)</li>

<li>Dry weight: 1,220 kg (2,690 lb) dry</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Components">Components</h4></div>

<ul><li>Compressor: Nine-stage axial flow</li>

<li><a href="Combustor" title="Combustor">Combustors</a>: Nine combustion chambers</li>

<li><a href="Turbine" title="Turbine">Turbine</a>: Single-stage</li>

<li>Fuel type: Aviation kerosene to D.Eng R.D. 2482</li>

<li>Oil system: Dry sump with gear pressure and scavenge pumps at 240–310 kilopascals (35–45 psi)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Performance">Performance</h4></div>

<ul><li>Maximum <a href="Thrust" title="Thrust">thrust</a>: 32.29 kN (7,260 lbf) at 7,200 rpm at sea level for take-off</li>

<li><a href="Overall_pressure_ratio" title="Overall pressure ratio">Overall pressure ratio</a>: 5.2:1</li>

<li>Turbine inlet temperature: 870 °C (1,140 K; 1,600 °F)</li>

<li><a href="Thrust_specific_fuel_consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrust specific fuel consumption">Specific fuel consumption</a>: 0.009 kg/(kN h) (0.92 lb/(lbf h))</li>

<li><a href="Thrust-to-weight_ratio" title="Thrust-to-weight ratio">Thrust-to-weight ratio</a>: 2.76:1</li></ul>

<p>

<b>Comparable engines</b>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Avro_Canada_Orenda" title="Avro Canada Orenda">Avro Canada Orenda</a></li></ul>

<p><b>Related lists</b>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_aircraft_engines" title="List of aircraft engines">List of aircraft engines</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:STAL_Dovern" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:STAL Dovern">STAL Dovern</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306085515/http://www.smhi.se/k-data/hydrologi/sjoar_vattendrag/sjoareal_SVAR_2009.pdf">"Sjöareal och sjöhöjd"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smhi.se/k-data/hydrologi/sjoar_vattendrag/sjoareal_SVAR_2009.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(.pdf)</span> on 6 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-JAWA5556-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JAWA5556_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAWA5556_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBridgman1955" class="citation book cs1">Bridgman, Leonard (1955). <i>Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1955-56</i>. London: Jane's all the World's Aircraft Publishing Co. Ltd.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunston 1989, p. 165.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1954/1954%20-%201015.html">Aero engines 1954 - <i>Flight</i> - 9 April 1954, p. 467</a> Retrieved: 6 June 2012</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="refbegin" style="">

<ul><li>Gunston, Bill. <i>World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines</i>. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-85260-163-9</bdi></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFKay2007" class="citation book cs1">Kay, Anthony L. (2007). <i>Turbojet History and Development 1930-1960 Volume 2:USSR, USA, Japan, France, Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy and Hungary</i> (1st ed.). Ramsbury: The Crowood Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1861269393</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

</div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Swedish_military_gas_turbine_aircraft_engine_designation_system71" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="Swedish_military_gas_turbine_aircraft_engine_designation_system71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Swedish military <a href="Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbine</a> <a href="Aircraft_engine" title="Aircraft engine">aircraft engine</a> designation system</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-03-31" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=STAL_Dovern&oldid=1283270658">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>